A Sense of Truth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Sense of Truth - Essay Example An intensive examination and better comprehension explains as well as enlightens the qualification among duplicity and truth, trust and question. Plato in his work, Purposeful anecdote of the Cave distributed in his book The Polity introduced the bogus reality that tied the individuals inside the cavern. They had been blinded by numbness and dominated by obscurity. They accepted that the shadows on the dividers of the cavern were valid rather than the truth that these were simply manikins and figments. One of the detainees had in the end gotten away and seen the light. The daylight speaks to the essential Fact of the matter, which is the thing that really is, and isn't comparative with what any individual may think to be truth (Christian Dunn, 2006). The purpose of Plato was to discover reality as a definitive objective; depending on the faculties to decipher reality would not give reality. This impression of reality will likewise be unique in relation to individual to individual. Moreover, Plato recommended that our faculties can be an interruption from reality and ought not be trusted in light of the fact that they are untru sting and bogus advisers for real factors. Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha contended something else. ... With the foundation and establishment laid, I am presently prepared to respond to the inquiry Should we confide in our faculties to give us truth Believing our faculties accomplishes the motivation behind recognizing what actually. It basically implies permitting the psyche to process the data saw through the faculties and making judgment dependent on these observations. Each individual's responses albeit differed will distinguish that the boosts have been reacted to relying upon the conditions and courses of an occasion. While a perception is a preface to a finding of what truly occurs, it is still with exact information that the fact of the matter is tried and settled. All things considered, a case stays a case if not upheld up with realities. All things considered, believing the faculties despite everything remains a definitive worldview that ushers the information on reality. In an unchartered domain, the most an individual can do is to act as indicated by his impulses and endure contingent upon an impression of this condition. Obviously, it is the ideal time for his faculties to be used and augmented. Envision being stuck in the Arabian Desert. What enter your eyes are dreams of sand, sky, date palms, and incidental 8-legged creature like scorpions, ticks and creepy crawlies. The residue influencing noticeable all around gives an excruciating smell. The steadfast quietness and peacefulness produce a stunning sound just as the blasting of the breeze. The flavor of water and soft drink creeps into your nerves and makes you thirst. More regrettable of all, the singing warmth comes to up to 54C. All these in thought will decide the capacity of an individual to manufacture his responses dependent on improvements. Suppose there is a snake in the Desert. Caught in this circumstance, the individual must discover approaches to dispose of the snake. How When the

A firework display Essay

The dull, dim water of Lake Windermere was encircled by the bliss and chuckling of the foreseeing crowd. Kids precipitously moved round the entrancing campfire, just to be outshone by the stunning firecrackers as they spiraled into the completely dark sky. Fragrant delectable scents separated through the air as food was readied. Splendid lights and pesters from the games slows down baited the kids in like a lion to its prey. Blaze Night at Lake Windermere is a night to be recalled! Firecrackers lit up the sky like the neon shine of the Northern lights. The sounds and hues detonating from them were exceptional. A huge rocket punctured the night sky as it snapped and popped skyward to its fate. Catherine wheels spun like banshees attempting to get away from the grasp of its captor, at long last easing back to an undramatic end. Showers of ruby magma regurgitated from the wellspring firecracker like a smaller than usual volcanic emission. Everybody appeared to stop and watch in wonder as the dark red fog from the traffic light enchanted them, the spell at long last broken when a flood of aluminous green light gave them the sign to move along. Juices sprinkled and sizzled from the burgers. The smell of salt and vinegar drifted through the air, as delicious franks were flame broiled on the grill. Kids hummed around like honey bees seeking after the sweet smelling nectar of popcorn and candy floss as it waited noticeable all around. Campfire night top choices, clingy toffee apples and treacle toffee, are being eaten up messily, yet tasted as sweet as nectar. Guardians despair as over energetic kids shout and yell, just to be subdued by the guarantee of treats from the anxious slow down proprietors. Cushy creatures are dangled all over. Wonderful screeches reverberation around the entertainments slow down, as the game is at last vanquished and triumph is acquired and the invaluable crown jewels are given over. Energized kids jumped around the seething popping blaze as they mysteriously made magical pictures with gleaming sparklers. Cool, exhausted guardians are attracted to the glow and solace of the thundering blazes, as it gradually inhaled life over into their chilled bodies. The warmth turned their faces red like new delicious fruits. The brilliant yellow and orange glimmering blast spellbound and retained the group, and the inferno thundered like a mythical beast asâ it spat and spluttered scorched wood and charcoal. Like a feline, the blazes licked the gaunt Guy Fawkes at the top. He remained there, dormant, wearing shabby old garments with brilliant red eyes, and seemed as though the fallen angel as he was inundated and devoured by the extreme fire. Smoke filled the air. It tasted unpleasant, and wound and crawled into according to the group making them shimmer and sting. Couples, connected at the hip, impractically walked down to the frosty waters edge. Together as one they would light their lamp, kiss delicately, and afterward cuddle together to look as it nimbly floated and whirled over the flickering lake like a prima ballet dancer. The quietness, serenity and sentiment was broken as kids hustled to the lake anxious to be the first to light one of the uncommon lamps. Their hands shook as they made a decent attempt to be cautious with the skinny lamp. As they circumspectly put the lamps down onto the undulating water, it slowly edged its way into the dull obscure. The once dinky dim lake was presently lit up like a Christmas tree, with fireflies gleaming over its surface. Blaze Night attracted to a nearby. Worn out, fatigued kids were cuddled up like little sheep in their parent’s arms, all prepared for their warm comfortable bed, their preferred teddy bear, and a decent night kiss from Mum and Dad. Couples affectionately intertwined continuously strolled home. A loose and substance gleam on the entirety of their countenances after a thrilling night. The once seething campfire was presently simply shining coals wandering aimlessly like fireflies. The night sky came back to its tranquil presence. The smell of black powder was all over, and the lake reflected the night sky with the lamps twinkling like stars.

Home is where the heart (of Texas) is

Home is where the heart (of Texas) is So Ive been spending some time in my hometown over Winter Break, and this time, I know its probably the last time that Ill sleep in my bed before I go off and become an adult. Its kind of strange and at the same time awesome to think that Im actually growing up and doing my own things. Coming back to Texas allows me to think about how my MIT experience has expanded my outlook on life and the world. But first, I think you need some context about me and my history. Im from Suburbia, Texas whereby Suburbia I mean for my first year of high school, I lived in one of those neighborhoods where your elementary school was one block away; your middle school was three blocks away; and your high school was maybe five or six blocks away. Since my mom was the only parent and had to work, I walked to and from school most days. I kind of cry a tear for the environment when I think about all the cars that actually made the six block trip. Almost everything was provided for us in our 55,000 resident city-within-a-city, so we rarely had to leave. For my sophomore through senior years, I spent it at a less-exclusive high school where there were a lot more people and a lot more diversity. When senior year came, most people from my high school decided to stay in Texas for college for one reason or another. I disagreed with a lot of people about their reasons. A lot of the families I knew were deeply set in family traditions. Others wanted to go where most of their friends were going. I and a handful of other people just wanted to see what was beyond state lines and experience something new. So I did. In late August 2003, I packed up a backpack and two duffel bags and a whole lot of boxes and moved almost 2000 miles from home. No coming home on the weekend to do laundrythat was for sure. Now the MIT environment and surroundings was a lot different then what Id lived in before. For one, travel at MIT was primarily public transportation. (+1 for the environment). I observed that people walked a lot faster going places. And generally, I feel that the city stays up a lot later than my neighbors back at home do. So what does this all mean. A friend who I caught up with over break said something to me and it was kind of shocking. Youve come back with that New England-er attitude. Excuse me, what? So after talking it over, I see that hed just noticed a change in me that I guess I hadnt realized myself. Going to MIT forced me to be a lot more independent than I ever was. As the oldest child, Ive always had responsibilities etc, but quasi-living on your own puts a different filter on it all. In high school, my mom didnt believe in allowances. I got money when I needed it. In college, I have a set allowance, and Ive got to handle it myself. And yes folks, Boston IS more expensive than where I come from. Unlike home where my car sits in the garage and I use it to get to A to B. My car at college rests in my closet in the form of my shoes or on a bike rack or at the bus and subway station. Moral of the story: Life is different when you go to college. But is that such a bad thing? I mean, college in general is going to put you in a new environment. Changes are destined to happen whether you like it or not. So I guess my piece of advice to you is not to make decisions based on where you think change will happen the least. I dont think thats going to happen in the long run. Make your decisions based off of the real thingseducation, opportunity, PEOPLE. I cant say what it would have been like if I went to a large public university with most of my high school friends. I may not have ever really met as many new people as I did at MIT because I wouldnt have had to. I also admit that I havent experienced the other side of it because Ive only attended MIT, but I think the experience that Ive been awarded in moving away and living on my own has really taught me a lot about life and people. And a word for the parents: I know that you get worried. Im 21 years old, and not only do I have to call my mom every day, I pretty much have to call my grandparents every day too. They still worry for me, and I dont think that would have changed depending on the school I attended. As a child, I realize were MAJOR investments, and you dont want anything to happen to us, but keeping us near by just because it appears to be the safer option may not be the right idea. College is about learning, and if an education is what you want your daughter or son to get, then why not let them get an even richer one. And as always, my blog is a discussion not just my words. So I invite comments from prospective students, parents, my friends at other schools who read this. Disagree or agree. Or just add your own 2 cents. If you have any other questions that you dont want to post on a public forum, you can email me at bryanblogs [at] mit dot edu. Happy New Year.

Analysis About the Phenomenon of Racial and Gender...

I have read a book written by Darlene E. Clover, which named Global Perspectives in Environmental Adult Education: Justice, Sustainability, and Transformation. This book outlines theories and practices in environmental adult education that are emerging worldwide. The need for environmental adult education arises not from a deficit platform of andlaquo; lack of awareness and andlaquo; individual behavior modification-but rather from the asset belief in an existing - if sometimes hidden - ecological knowledge of the need for a deeper sociopolitical, race, and gender analysis of environmental problems, and the power and potential of democratic participation and collective action. Authors from Canada, the Philippines, Kenya, India, Mexico,†¦show more content†¦The federal government has the responsibility to ensure that schools and University comply with civil rights in law, change the different races in educational opportunity inequality. In addition, it is one of the most prom inent problems to accept the equal opportunities of higher education between men and women. Until twentieth century 70s, the U.S began to protect women’s right of education in the form of law. However, many studies indicate that, almost teaching and administration positions are monopolized by men in American higher education. (Deal, J. T., Kennedy, A. A., 1992) This also explains from another aspect women have the opportunity to receive higher education, but did not receive equal education outcome. Women of the revolution, social and economic progress, ideological change, and soaring house prices, all make the phenomenon of boys get big improvement. In todays society, at least in the education, the equality between men and women is obvious. At present the elementary school-age schoolgirls is as high as 99.59%, 0.08% higher than the boy, junior middle school enrollment rate at 95%, and no difference between the boys. (Aronowitz, S., Giroux, H. 2000). In college entrance examinations have girls constitute a 7, which reflects the evaluation system, the girl is careful, the patient to its advantage, and the boy begins to practice ability strong advantage cant be reflected. In the United States, 80% drop out of is allShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination Is A Big Social Problem893 Words   |  4 PagesDiscrimination remains widespread, types of discrimination exist from gender to workplace. In some cases, people are still treated as second-class citizens, lacking basic rights and sufferi ng violence and many kinds of disadvantages. Discrimination is a big social problem that needs to be addressed. In this memo, our group will clearly define current social issues such as sexual discrimination and racial discrimination, deeply analyze these two issues, and provide specific solutions for managersRead MoreAn International Student At Swinburne University1615 Words   |  7 Pageswithin an organization. Over the course, I found that HRM theories have helped me to develop my ethical conscience. I gained significant knowledge of practical theory of ethic during the lecture. In the tutorial, we did case studies analysis that give me insight about that is the today’s HRM challenges within the workplace. In the tutorial, we discuss the set reading together in the class and give me understanding many the HRM issues in the past and how to solve it. Most of the issues arise from theRead More Glass Ceiling in Corporate America Essay1245 Words   |  5 Pagesbeing of all r aces, and gender. A woman’s place was always in the home, cooking, cleaning, and raising the children. Minorities (blacks) roles were as slaves, never meant to own anything for themselves, but only to serve. Discrimination is a more polite way to look at it. Discrimination occurs when the civil rights of an individual are denied or interfered with because of their membership in a particular group or class. Statutes have been enacted to prevent discrimination based on a person’s raceRead MoreRacial Inequality And Discrimination Of Child Welfare1656 Words   |  7 PagesConceptualize Framework Racial disproportionality and disparity in child welfare represents a complex phenomenon emanating from historical theoretical socioeconomic and policy trends that has shaped this service over the past several decades. There are many theories that have been proposed explain why racial disproportionality and disparity exists in child welfare. It has been recognized the underlying roots of racial disproportionality and disparity are complex and often coexists. Racial disproportionateRead MoreHow Does Social Inequality Affect People Of Different Nationalities? Ethnicities And Races? Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesFINAL EXAM Junjie Ouyang SOC 101 015 Prof. Pinderhughes 12/15/2016 â€Å"1]. How does social inequality impact people of different nationalities [ethnicities races], classes, and genders in society.† Inequality is ubiquity in our world, most people are looking at the downside or the surface of this phenomenon. In fact, that inequality is the drive of historical and social progress. Have an interesting experiment explain what response when monkeys encounter inequality treatment. Experimenters prepareRead MoreWhat Other Variables Contribute And The Composition Of Racist Ideology? Essay1173 Words   |  5 PagesThere are four fundamental constituents: geographical location, educational attainment, age, and gender. First, the geographical location determines a lot on what type of socialization one experiences and it interconnects with every other aforementioned variables. Take southern states of the United States as an example. The southern states, being the former Confederate states, hold a violent history of racial superiority of Blacks by whites. They have a pre-existing historical framework of disapprovingRead MoreEssay about The Sociology of the Industrialization Process690 Words   |  3 Pagesconcomitant social problems, like high levels of crime. It is concerned largely with urban societies, and seeks to understand how individuals fit into mass society, how inequalities based on race, gender and class arise and are perpetuated, how bureaucracies work. The process generated due to the critical analysis about society, which challenges what, is normally taken for granted; in order to lead to new insights Sociologists studied human interaction and organization. This helps policy makers to understandRead MoreRace Is a Significant Factor in Identification of Individuals and Groups1493 Words   |  6 PagesRace similar to gender and other demographic factors is a significant vehicle for the identification. The acceptation and/or toleration of specific races within society have been through and continue to go through an evolutionary process. The idea of a post-racial society revolves around the ideology that the success point has been reached between â€Å"us and them†. Equality between races has become legislative law within the Charter of Human Rights and Freedom, which means the battle is over. ThisRead MoreGender Inequality Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pagesthe work of researchers, we get to know more and more on the issue of gender inequality in different areas of our society. However, although significant progress has been made during the twentieth century, in an attempt to equalize the rights of women and men, they still do not seem to be met daily. Having a job is considered important for men and women, although the centrality of work is organized completely differently by gender. This form of inequality persists in all areas such as: participationRead MoreThe World Health Organizations Role in Fighting HIV/AIDS702 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Discussions about HIV/AIDS have changed radically since the disease was first identified in the early 1980s. As physicians and public health workers developed a fundamental understanding of the disease and discovered ways to ameliorate its devastating effects, HIV/AIDS victims coupled hope for recovery with changed lifestyles at least in some socioeconomic sectors (Lane, et al., 2004). At backward looking analysis reveals that he incidence and survival rates of HIV/AIDS continue to

Re More Gun Control Essay - 1898 Words

TO: Senator Ryan McDougal From: Sean T. Bowles (Researcher) Date: November 8, 2016 RE: More Gun Control in Virginia Executive Summary Today there is a problem with guns in our society. People have easy access to firearms and here in Virginia it is much easier for anyone to get a firearm through private sales without any kind of background check into their mental health or criminal status. The reason that this is a problem is because people who are able to get a weapon without having a background check or registering it with law enforcement could do damage to themselves or others. With the murder rate rising in Virginia gun control has shown to bring down death rates (Kwon Baack, 2005). The state should consider three possible policy alternatives which are closing the private sale loophole so that in order to buy a gun you have to buy one from a licensed gunsmith and have a background check done, having all residents who own a firearm register it with the police so that the state has records of who owns a weapon, or require anyone who wants to own a gun take a gun safety course before being abl e to purchase a weapon. When referring to the PEST Matrix each of these policies have their positives and negatives based on political, administrative, equity, environmental, and economic feasibility. Problem Statement The problem with the current policy is that people have easy access to firearms without any regulation. Since Virginia is gun friendly state that has a largeShow MoreRelatedWhy Should Guns Be Banned949 Words   |  4 PagesWhy and why not ban guns? Guns have been in our lives even before the immigrants colonized the United States, but in the past few years, there have been many shootings. There have been reasons for why they happen like illness and mass murder, but some people just think that guns have been the main reason behind the shooting. Most all people believe that guns are always the problem. But as people don’t know what should or is going to happen to guns in America over time. As more shooting happens inRead MoreStricter Mandatory Gun Control Laws884 Words   |  4 PagesTo make America safer we need to be stricter on gun control laws. Although some people prefer less strict, because they feel like it limits their rights. Legislators need to update the background check system, enforce mandatory courses and safety training. Gun control has become one of the biggest topics in the USA over the years, some are in favor of stricter gun control laws and others are against. Moreover guns are the cause of the majority of the crimes in the US, and stricter laws should beRead MoreDifferent Correlation Between States With Strict Gun Laws And Gun Violence880 Words   |  4 Pagesa distinct correlation between states with strict gun laws and gun violence. â€Å"The states that im ¬pose the most re ¬stric ¬tions on gun users also have the low ¬est rates of gun-re ¬lated deaths, while states with few ¬er reg ¬u ¬la ¬tions typ ¬ic-ally have a much high ¬er death rate from guns.† (Isenstein) The charts that are presented in the article support the claim, but again bring up the question about the variables used to define death rates from guns. Annotations to the article imply that some outsideRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pagessomebody who wants to inflict ha rm on other people to get his or her hands on a gun.† (Simple Minded Gun Control). Gun control is a controversial issue worldwide. The reason why this has attracted so much attention is because not everyone is in favor of gun control and each side brings up excellent points about the issue. Research related to this issue strongly supports the claim that there SHOULD be more gun control laws. Three arguments that prove this position are (1) Incidents like Sandy HookRead MoreThe Rise Of The Millennial Generation1198 Words   |  5 PagesGreat Debate Today, many Americans are becoming more independent in their political views. The rise of the millennial generation has essentially based their views on who is running for office rather than their initial beliefs on certain political issues. Americans must be able to voice their opinions to the government on issues that they believe are important. Topics like the ISIS Crisis, Immigration Reform, legalization of marijuana, and gun control must be talked about. The most recent terrorismRead MoreGun Control Regulations Should Be Banned Essay1535 Words   |  7 PagesGun violence in recent years has increased significantly in various parts of the word. Most often the ones caught in the crossfire are children and young adults; who are also perpetrators. The question every wants to know is: Are gun laws, strict enough and what else can be done to reduce such violence from occurring. This is the debate that lobbyist and government officials have been arguing over for years. With more lives being affected on a regular basis, the increase concerns arise as to howRead MoreShould Tighten The Freedom Of Having Firearms?848 Words   |  4 Pagesviolence due to mass shootings and immature people getting a hold guns. Mass shootings can occur anywhere at any place and time due to how effortless it is to obtain any sort of firearm. My stance towards limiting future mass shootings would be to have a stricter approach towards firearms even if we have to revamp the 2nd Amendment. We should tighten the freedom of having firearms because of the ease of obtaining guns is making our country more vulnerable to threats and it will lead to less frequent shootingsRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1735 Words   |  7 PagesThe gun control issue has become popular and significant decision recently in America, after the mass shooting in Orlando, caused forty-nine innocent people murdered. Many people have a question if guns are really a machine that help to protect themselves from emergency situation according to the Second Amendment, which states: A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed, or if guns are the dangerousRead MoreIs Gun Control the Answer? Essay1422 Words   |  6 Pagesinvolving firearms the focus is turned to gun control. This has turned the issue of gun control into a major debate in our nation. When it comes to taking a si de on the issue many people decide completely on an emotional level instead of looking at the issue rationally. People think that solving violent crimes involving guns is as easy as taking away the guns. How do you go about taking guns away if that is the solution, or what will the effects be of taking guns away from people who don’t use them forRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1744 Words   |  7 Pagesthe right to own guns. These are also the words that allow shooting after shooting to take place in our country. The United States is in desperate need of stricter, more uniform gun control laws so that the country may become a safer place. One of the main issues with gun laws in the United States is the lack of uniformity in the restrictions held by the states. â€Å"We looked at five types of gun control enacted at the state level: assault weapons bans, high-capacity magazine bans, gun possession prohibitions

Economics and Ethics Free Essays

The area of ethics in economics is a divisive one, over which there has been considerable debate. Ethics has many interpretations in the history of philosophy as well as in economic history. Very simply, ethics refers to an understanding of certain forms of behavior as either right or wrong. We will write a custom essay sample on Economics and Ethics or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"The field of ethics, also called moral philosophy, involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior.† (Ethics) However, there are many complex aspects to the understanding of ethics. An early idea of ethics was put forward by the philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill in the 19th Century. They suggested that ethical action was concerned with providing â€Å"†¦ the greatest balance of good over evil.† (Ethics) On the one hand, economics is fundamentally driven in a systems and practical sense by the need to acquire profit and accumulate wealth. On the other hand there is a growing debate about ethical responsibility and integrity in the business and economic world, with respect to aspects and issues that strictly fall outsider the ambit of the pure science of economics per se. Recent controversies, such as the Enron scandal have also highlighted the issue of ethics in economics and business. This leads to a vast array of issues and questions; such as the protection of future resources and the growing debate about the reality of environmental ethics as it relates to purely economic concerns. Questions are asked such as; can there ethically be a case for unconstrained economic adventurism and profiteering without paying attention to the moral and ethical dimensions of these actions? The debate and the dilemma that business faces in terms of ethical practices and views are concisely expressed in the following quotation. While â€Å"Businesses, in some parts of the world, have become integral participants in such causes as protecting the environment and alleviating poverty from economically depressed localities†, this concern with ethics is â€Å"†¦ confronted with the problem that economists have no other way to approach reality without concentrating on questions of utility.† ( Zaratiegui J. 1999) It is this focus on utilitarianism and the profit margin central to the capitalistic mode of economic production, which brings it into conflict with other issues and views and often results in a negative ethical assessment of business and economics. Therefore many critics are of the opinion that in an ethical sense the utilitarian focus of modern capitalism should be criticized. More importantly, theorists note that, â€Å"The nature of modern economics has been substantially impoverished by the distance that has grown between economics and ethics †¦ [economics] can be more productive by paying greater and more explicit attention to the ethical considerations that shape human behaviour and judgement.† (Sen, A. 1987, p 7.) It should also be noted that this debate and the alleged dissociation between economic thought and praxis and various ethical and critical stances, is a fairly recent phenomenon. In its origins modern economics was intimately connected to ethics and ethical motivations. Sen reminds us of the contrast between the â€Å"non-ethical† feature of modern economics and its genesis as an offshoot of ethics. At the time of its inception, then, the language of economics was comprised of normative elements. Nevertheless, over time, economics came to be considered an autonomous science, and its language and value judgments become increasingly more â€Å"positive.† It is this change in economic thought and praxis and the move towards a neutral or † value free† attitude towards ethical issues, with science as the motivating example, that has essentially created the present debate. However the debate about ethical involvement and responsibilities in economics continues to vacillate from one point of view to the other. On the one hand, economists argue that economic praxis and associated analytic techniques are ethically positive in that they help to predict human social and economic growth and development in a consistent way. Economists are also quick to argue and provide examples of the way that economic strategies uplift, develop and form a common basis for world interaction and harmony. â€Å".. it is regarded by some as beneficial, enabling economists to develop analytic techniques and make rational predictions of future human behavior. â€Å"(Zaratiegui J. 1999) On the other side of the argument there are many who interpret the alleged benefits of economics rather as the promotion of profit over ethical norms and principles. However in recent years there has at least ostensibly a reassessment of the ethical parameters of economics from within the economic community. As recently as a decade ago, many companies viewed business ethics only in terms of administrative compliance with legal standards and adherence to internal rules and regulations. Today the situation is different. Attention to business ethics is on the rise across the world and many companies realize that in order to succeed, they must earn the respect and confidence of their customers. This change is still based in the praxis of customer behavior and reaction but nevertheless it does show a change towards a greater awareness of ethical responsibly ion the world. Many of the ethical debates surrounding economics revolve around the complex issue of the interactions of business and commercial concerns and bio-ethics. Bio-ethics refers to the ethical demands and requisites in the interaction between the human and the non-human environment. As such, bio-ethics is difficult to relate to or argue in purely subjective or human terms; which make it all the more difficult to understand and react to from an economic perspective. A case in point which is still under discussion is the intended use of the oil reserves in the Arctic Wildlife Refuge. At present the debate about the exploitation of the Arctic National or ANWR has been in process for 20 years. (Endless debate drains political energy) The debate has tended to centre mainly on the exploitation of a sensitive ecological area as opposed to the economic and political value for the country from a potentially rich oil supply. The divergent viewpoints are expressed in the following assessment of the situation. To generalize, people who care most about the wildlife and wilderness don’t give a hoot about the oil; folks fixated on the oil think its value outweighs the wildlife and wildland concerns. The two sides are every bit as polarized and only a little less passionate than those battling over abortion rights† The National Petroleum Reserve of Alaska (NPR-A), is situated between the foothills of the Brooks Range and the Arctic coastline, and is about 120 miles from the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). (Rosen, Y. 2003. ) The Bureau of Land Management ( BLM) estimates the area will†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ supplement production from the Alpine fields, which hold 429 million barrels and have a daily oil output of about 100,000 barrels.† (US OKs Commercial Drilling in Alaska Oil Reserve) From an economic point of view, the use of this oil reserve will have many positive aspects. Besides the money that would be brought into the economy instead of flowing out in oil purchases, it would have positive internal and political implication as it would obviously mean less reliance on outside oil sources. The Energy Information Agency of the Department of Energy estimates that Alaska oil production averaged 902,000 barrels of oil per day from January through August 2004, about 16 percent of total U.S. oil production during that period, most of which comes from Prudhoe Bay. Opening up even a limited area of ANWR for drilling would offer the prospect of producing from Alaska possibly 40 percent or more of the oil consumed in America. This view can be seen as supporting the idea of an ethical position in the economic exploitation of the region in that it will be for the â€Å"greater good† of the international community to reduce America’s oil dependencies. The other side of the argument is that the exploitation of this region for profit will upset the delicate ecological balance and will further have a larger ecological impact. From this point of view the proposed economic actions are unethical. In essence the debate is centered on two very different world views which need an understanding of their underlying biases to be fully comprehended. Many similar points of dissention and lines of argument are formed in the ethical debate that has raged for years about animal experimentation for research. One has the argument for experimentation on the basis of ensuring human safety; while those opposed point out that this view still contravenes basic bio-ethics and the respect for life on this planet. On the one hand business and commerce stress the need to test products before public consumption and on the other hand activists state that many of these tests are simply attempts to placate the public and have no intrinsic scientific worth. Animal rights groups point out that animal experimentation is an extremely cruel endeavor. Among the many different types of animal extermination are the†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ the toxicity and irritation testing of various consumer products, such as foodstuffs and cosmetics†¦extraction of products, and the development of drugs.† (Rollin, 1992, p. 136) One of the most criticized tests in this regard is the Draize eye irritant test. This test involves â€Å"†¦ placing a substance in the eyes of four to six rabbits and evaluating the effect.† (Thompson 1988, p15.) The results for these extremely cruel experiments are used for cautionary labels on various products such as soaps and cosmetics. One of the main arguments against commercial vivisection is that many scientists claim that there is no real scientific purpose to animal experimentation. This is a particularly the case with regard to animals which are used by pharmaceutical and chemical companies to test the toxicity of drugs and other substances, including cosmetics and household cleaners. This practice has been regularly criticized by doctors and scientists who are of the opinion that these experiments are not only unscientific but also flawed in many respects and even dangerous to human health. Countering these assertions the economists point to the many successful trials that have resulted in positive results and benefits for human beings and human health. The economic world is, as has been stated, becoming more aware of its ethical responsibilities. Some critics still see this new found ethical responsiveness in the scientific and economic communities as a reaction only to pubic opinion and customer perception. However there are also those who are more positive and who think that the economic community is becoming more aware and reacting more positively to the important ethical dimensions of their activities. How to cite Economics and Ethics, Essay examples

The Blue Bouquet by Octavio Paz Essay Sample free essay sample

I neer thought something like that would go on in my life. I looked decease in the eyes. and he looked back. straight at my ain eyes. I returned to my normal ego merely a few hours ago. when I was assured that I’m truly off from that topographic point. that town – truly far off. After the incident. I tried to compose myself every bit shortly as I returned to my room. I tried to rest. I tried to take a breath easy. I tried to acquire clasp of myself†¦but I can’t. Even until now. I can’t arrange my ideas in a comprehendible order. I was approximately to decease. I knew it! Thank God I have brown eyes! But still. I’m dumbfounded with what happened. After the brush. I have a batch of inquiries in my head. and I wanted to inquire all of those to my confined. We will write a custom essay sample on The Blue Bouquet by Octavio Paz Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Yes. for me. I’m a prisoner during that time†¦my life is at his disposal. With the flicker of visible radiation reflected on the matchet. my whole life flashed right back at me. Is this how it would all stop? Would my life be exchanged for that of a Blue Bouquet? Why? All these inquiries filled my head. but still. I was non able to happen any reply. Looking back at what happened that dark. I still see myself lucky. I neer knew that things like that could go on. I stared decease in the eyes. and he stared back. Lucky for me. mine were brown.

An Introduction To Marketing In Leisure

An Introduction To Marketing In Leisure The aim of this assignment is to understand the terms 'marketing' and 'selling' and their role within a large organisations, to find the difference between product and customer orientated approaches and to define the differences and similarities between products and services.Definitions of marketing and sellingMarketing;-The Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) provides the first definition:Â · The management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably.The American Marketing Association (AMA) provides my second definition:Â · Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create, exchange and satisfy individual and organisational objectives (Bennett, 1995).Both of this definitions are firstly similar in one way, which is that they both start by identifying that marketing is a process nit just a one-off action. The CIM's definition refers to the management process, which includes the identification and anticipation of what customers require, which suggests that market research has to take place first.soldMarket research is a exercise used to gather information on customers to establish a potential market segment for a product and information on current trends and competitors in order to understand the market already established. The AMA's hasn't started by including the role of market research, but has immediately focussed upon how marketing is used to place a product in front of customers. This highlights one main difference between the two definitions, which is that the CIM explains the role of marketing within a customer-orientated organisations, where as the AMA focuses on a product-orientated organisation. An explanation of both of these types of organisations is discussed later. Both definitions do however agree on one point, which is that marketing is also used to the benefit of the organisation. The CIM highlig ht...

mercury1 essays

mercury1 essays Mercurys symbol is Hg, its atomic number is 80, its atomic mass is 200.59, its in group 12 and in period 6, and it also has two valence electrons. Its standard state is liquid at 298K and it is the heaviest known elemental liquid. It has a silvery white color. It is named after the planet "Mercury" the origin of the symbol Hg is the Latin word "hydrargyrum" meaning "liquid silver". Mercury was known to ancient Chinese and Hindus before 2000 B.C. and was found in tubes in Egyptian tombs dated from 1500 B.C. Mercury is the only metal liquid at ordinary temperatures. Mercury is sometimes called quicksilver. It sometimes occurs free in nature and is found mainly in cinnabar ore, which is HgS. Cinnabar ore is found in Spain and Italy. Mercury is a heavy, silvery-white metal, which forms alloys easily with many metals like gold, silver, and tin. These alloys are called amalgams. Its way of amalgamating with gold is made use of the recovery of gold from its ores. Mercury is a bad conductor of heat and an okay conductor of electricity. The most important salts are mercuric chloride HgC12 that is a corrosive and violent poison. Mercurous chloride Hg2Cl2, which used to be used in medicine. Mercury fulminate Hg(ONC)2 used as a detonator in explosives and mercuric sulfide HgS used as a high-grade paint pigment. Organic mercury compounds are important and dangerous. Methyl mercury is a lethal pollutant found in rivers and lakes. Mercury is a virulent poison and is readily absorbed through the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, or through unbroken skin. It acts as a cumulative poison since there are few pathways available to the body for its excretion. Since mercury is a very readily vaporizable element at a relatively low temperature, dangerous levels are readily attained in air. Air saturated with mercury vapor at 20C contains a concentration that exceeds the toxic limit many times. The danger...

How you would personally lead a team in times of changes Essay

How you would personally lead a team in times of changes - Essay Example Everything has changed over the time, and this has had a great impact on the way organizations function. As a leader, the responsibility of adopting the right strategy in these times of change fundamentally rests upon the shoulders of the leader. Change in leadership is inevitable. A leader is frequently exposed to circumstances that generate the need for change. A leader must be intelligent and proactive enough to adapt to these changes and make the wisest decision considering the needs of the changed circumstances. The experiences I have shared in this paper discuss what strategies I have employed to deal with the challenges arising as a consequence of changes that took place, and how those strategies helped me achieve my objectives. Each experience that I have shared demonstrates a different kind of change and accordingly, a different strategy I adopted to lead my team to success. Questions that I intend to answer by discussing my personal experiences of change and leadership incl ude but are not limited to; What type of change it was?What were the constraints and how they impacted my ability to lead the group? What was the best course of action to adopt in that change? Â  What rationale did I have to adopt that course of action in those circumstances? How have I incorporated the theoretical concepts of leadership in practice?What were the limitations of my leadership?The behavior of a leader plays a decisive role in the success of the leader as well as the followers.

Competence destroying vs enhancing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Competence destroying vs enhancing - Assignment Example There are two types of innovations which are architectural innovation and generation innovations. Architectural innovation is characterized by fundamental changes in the linkages between existing subsystems in an organization. The modifications are made to ensure that the organization achieves its goals and objectives much faster with minimal expenditures. Generational innovations were involved with changes made to the already existing linked subsystems hence it is much broader. Assessing the effects of an innovation to a business is very important since it will determine whether the organization will carry on with the innovation or stop it. At the same time it can be used to point out the weak points of the innovation so as to aid with the process of improving it. The level of competence enhancing and destroying are the major concepts used to determine the effect of an innovation. For instance, in e-business, can be assessed whether it is appropriate to the organization being on a number of factors. For instance, the innovation should cost effective in the sense that there is minimal time spent and financial input towards achieving the organizations

Condoms: Advantages and Disadvantages

Condoms: Advantages and Disadvantages Contraception is the control of fertility to prevent unwanted pregnancy. Methods prevent ovulation in the woman, stop sperm from meeting an ovum in the fallopian tube, or prevent a fertilized ovum implant in the uterus. Methods of contraception include total or periodic abstinence from the sexual intercourse (â€Å"Contraception†, 2010, p.167). Contraceptive (2001) provides that contraceptive is â€Å"An agent that prevent conception† (p.333). Contraceptive (2001) also provides that â€Å"Relating to any measure or agent designed to prevent conception† (p.333). This essay briefly outline the historical background of contraception, and then discuss the benefits and risks of one specific form of contraception, followed by a discussion of a range of possible causes of infertility. For all practical purposes the education of the general populace on the subject of contraception was not initiated until the early 1800s. The first systematic work in contraception was begun in 1882 by Dr. Aletta Jacobs of the Netherlands (â€Å"Contraception†, 2014, para. 2). Quarini (2005, pp. 28-30) acknowledge that in 1839, the process of vulcanizing rubber was developed for that reason condom became cheap and widely available. Seamless condoms were being made up in factory by 1890. When liquid latex became available in the mid-1930s, condoms became more reliable. Polyurethane condoms, usable since the 1990s. These are thinner and possibility of break is lower than latex condoms. In addition, they are less likely to cause the allergic reactions and these are not affected by heat There are many discussion about benefits and risks of using condom. The benefit of using condom condoms during sexual intercourse, the infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV – 2) to female is significant decreases according to the first study to examine the effectiveness of condoms in preventing this infection. (Larson et al, 2013, pp. 25-31). According to Tishler (2009, para. 1) Condoms can help to prevent people against herpes. But Tishler (2009) stated that herpes can spread by simple skin contact as well as by sexual intercourse so the protection is only partial. People who used condom only for sometimes was less protection. Another benefits of condom is that it can prevent unwanted pregnancy. According to Long et al (2012, pp.1-2) using condom constantly and correctly will reduce unwanted teenager pregnancy. Male partner can improve reproductive health outcome by using condoms consistently with sexual partner to prevent unwanted pregnancy. A better understanding about factors associated with condom use among male students will not only protect students from unwanted pregnancy. However M Carter et al (2012, pp. 449-456) acknowledge that condom is good material to prevent unwanted pregnancy but reported that teenagers do not often use condoms plus other contraception. The first risk of condom is that breakage is quite high In South India the surveys of female sex workers (FSWs) suggest that breakage of condoms are quite high. In Benin in 2005, the study of FSWs reported that 33% of FSWs had experienced a breakage in the previous 2 days. 11.4% of FSWs reported that in the previous month, at least one condom break. (Bradley et al, 2011, pp.S6-S14). However, condom breakage is high in vulnerable population than cross-sectional studies but condom breakage were lower than estimated rates because the proportion all condoms used that broker was only 2.1%. The second risk of condom is that it is not fool proof which mean is that it can fail to prevent pregnancy. Durrer et al (2011, p. 580) acknowledged that there are some condom failure because of miss used. According to laboratory test, they reported that the used condom breakage rate was 1.1% and leaks rate was 2.0 %( Bradly et al, 2013, pp.559-567) Majra (2009, p.53) stated 100 woman and their partner used condoms and approximately 15 of woman pregnant but when they used condom perfect way, only two woman pregnant. However, Majra (2009) believe when people use condom constantly and correct way, it can prevent unwanted pregnancy as well as decrease failure rate. Infertility can occur to female or male and there are many possible causes of infertility. There have been many discussions about possible cause of male or female infertility. The first possible causes of infertility is endocrine disorder. Luciao, Lanzone and Goverde (2013, pp.s9-s17) stats that endocrine disorder is one of main causes of female infertility. The management of female hormonal causes of infertility involves a thorough understanding of all the potential disorders that may interfere with normal ovulatory function. Unuane, Tournaye, Velkeniers and Poppe (2011, pp.861-873) acknowledged that Female infertility occurs in about 37% of all infertile couples and ovulatory disorders account for more than half of these. The ovaries are in continuous interaction with the other endocrine organs. Many endocrine disorders, can lead to female infertility by interacting and impairing the normal reproductive ovarian function. However, Unuane, Tournaye, Velkeniers and Poppe (2011) added these endocrine disorders should be excluded in women with ovarian causes of infertility, without neglecting the other causes of female infertility, such as tubal disorders, obstructions of the genital tract and endometriosis The second possible causes of infertility is oxidative stress. It cause male infertility. It results from high concentrations of free radicals and suppressed antioxidant potential, which may alter protein expression in seminal plasma and spermatozoa. The test found out 30 to 80% of male infertility causes by sperm damage due to oxidative stress. (Agarwal, Durairajanayagam, Halabi, Peng Vazquez-Levin, 2014, pp.32-58). Lanzafame, La Vignera, Vicari and Calogero (2009, pp.638-659) stats that Oxidative stress (OS) has been recognized as one of the most important cause of male infertility. Despite the antioxidant activity of seminal plasma, epididymis and spermatozoa, OS damages sperm function and DNA integrity. However, it emerges that no single antioxidant is able to enhance fertilizing capability in infertile men and a combination of compounds, at an appropriate dosage, may be a possible better approach. The last possible causes of infertility is smoking. The test states that smoking is affected negatively every system in body include reproduction system. Smokers’ Spermatozoa have decreased fertilising capacity, and embryos display lower implantation rates. In additional, the smoking cause decrease fertility in woman. It also increase the frequency menstrual abnormalities. It make female memopause age decrease. (Mostafa,2010,pp.179-186). According to Ji,Yan, Jianhua,Qu and Gu, (2011,pp.144-149) Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1)is an very important role in repairing oxidative DNA damage induced by chemical agents, such as cigarette. This study found out that OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and cigarette smoking is damaged on sperm oxidative DNA also it can causes the male inferilityHowever, Ji,Yan, Jianhua,Qu and Gu, (2011) suggest it need additional test to validate our findings. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of association, mechanistic test are needed. In conclusion, over the centuries, contraception developed quickly. Recently contraception material is getting cheaper. Also it is easy to find and use it. Contraception is very affective to prevent unwanted pregnancy. There are many discuss about benefits and risks. Contraception help to prevent spread sexual transmitted such as herpes and HIV. However it has risks as well such as it is not foolproof it means it can fail to prevent unwanted pregnancy or spread sexual diseases and the breakage is quite high but people can reduce this risk when they use contraception in correct way. There are many possible causes of infertility such as endocrine disorder, oxidative stress and smoking. Endocrine disorder is the diseases which affected to female infertility and oxidative stress is affected to male infertility. Smoking is negatively affected to male and female. Important thing is that use contraceptive correctly and constantly.

Helmet to Helmet Rule Change the Game

The recent story in the NFL is helmet to helmet hits on defenseless player. The league committees are trying to make the league safer for the player to reduce injuries. The NFL Commissioner is not doing a good job protecting the players because concussion and major head damage keep happening. The Commissioners idea is to penalize by a 15 yards penalty on the field against their team, but also charged significant fines toward the player who commit the penalty. (Benavent) By fining the players the league is changing the speed of the game, the hard hitting and the fun of game.NFL Commissioner Robert Goodell stated: Strategy, strength and speed are what make the game great. We don’t want to take physical contact out of the game. But we must ensure that players follow rules designed to reduce the risk of injury. Enforcing rules on illegal hits to the head with fines and suspensions has changed tackling for the better. Players and coaches have adjusted. They always do. We now see fe wer dangerous hits to the head and noticeable changes in the way the game is being played. That’s true the league is safe but fining player is not going to fix the problem.The fact is that when you are tackling you are using your head which is a fundamental football. A tackle is when a player using a great amount of force to bring a ball carrier down. Further, it’s when a defender at lower leverage and strikes a ball carrier with his head across the ball carrier body with his arms wraped around him bring him down. Let’s say that the ball carrier does the same thing lowering his head trying to avoid the hit and now the defender is call for helmet to helmet hit. In the act helmets would hit together. It’s not unavoidable and certainly not intentional.I think that the NFL commissioner wants to encourage players to hit low toward the knees where the ball carrier has no protection. The result will in tearing ACL’s and other ligaments that end playersâ⠂¬â„¢ season and possibly careers. During this season there would be a lot of flags thrown during the game causing the game to be longer. But that’s not the main idea it is how to determine which violent hit is considered a penalty and a fine. Some of the violent hits are not called and some hits are called. The league needs to figure out which are and which are not.Most of the time these hard helmet hits happen when a receiver goes across the middle and a defender is attempting to stop the receiver from catching the ball. To clarify: Forcibly hitting the defenseless player’s head or neck area with the helmet, facemask, forearm, or shoulder, regardless of whether the defensive player also use his arms to tackle the defenseless player by encircling or grasping him; and lowering the head and making forcible contact with the top, crown or forehead â€Å"hairline† parts of the helmet against any part of the defenseless player’s body. Lapsncaps) There are a lo t of conversely between NFL Commissioner Goodell and players because the fact that they have to change their playing style and adjust to the new league safety rules. I think that it’s hard to adjust because football is a violent sport and tackles require force. I understand there trying to protect players, but there inconsistent and making it into a sissy league. Tackling is part of football. When a defender tackles a ball carrier helmet to helmet hit well happen.It’s not unavoidable and certainly no intentional. This sport is completive each team want a victory however in a situation when it really counts and a receiver attempts to catch the ball the defender would must likely hit the receiver to knocked to ball lose. But if the defender â€Å"forcibly hit the defenseless player’s head or neck area, lowering his head to any part of the defenseless player’s body is a penalty and fined thousands. The NFL wants to stop the concussion and prevent players wi th long term health problems.

Insanity Defense

Insanity Defense Donita Estes, Patrick Fostso, Jennia McCray, Yasmine McGee, Inga Payne CJA/354 October 22, 2012 Samara Belgarde, J. D. Insanity Defense The criminal justice system in America is one of the fair systems in the world where anyone will be innocent until proven of guilt. The whole concept of the court system emphasizes how our laws work regardless where we come from and how we look like or healthy or not anyone is entitles of due process. The idea that our justice and court system are fair to anyone on trial due to an arrest by probable cause and sentencing by a verdict guilty and not guilty of the jury.In the case or State v. Stu Dents, where the defendant was accused of killing his former girlfriend. We are going to elaborate how the charge of insanity can be plead in the defense case and in the other hand give some understanding how this plead play a role in the defendant case during the trial and after the trial in some states and particular California. Does your tea m feel this defendant is competent to stand trial? Why or why not? We believe that the defendant may not be competent to stand trial, due to the fact that he had has emotionally and mental issues.The defendant has no knowledge of the crime or its consequences, if put on the stand he may revert back to that emotional state of mind and will not be able to give and accurate statement and will not be able to understand charges and sentencing. What is required in your state for an insanity defense? First of all, let’s understand the issue here, Mr. Dents was arrested of the killing his former girlfriend Uma Opee. Mr. Dents was charge by the state on theses: Homicide, Assault of a police, officer, Burglary and crimes related to drugs. After all these charges, the defendant pleads not guilty due to reason of insanity.In California, insanity can be called as an affirmative insanity: According to Schmalleger. F& Dolatowski, J (2010), an affirmative defense is a status that define some one who committed an unlawful act and requested an excuse for the behave due to the criminal conduct (Insanity). In California the defense need to show some aspect of legal defense such as: Defendant does not understand the nature of the act, Defendant does not know was wrong, Defendant does not have self-control, Defendant needs to show at the time he has a history of mental diseases against his ability to define between right and wrong.During sentencing of the insanity plea the jury can deliberate the sanity claim on many ways such as: -Hung jury will give the court of making determination if there is enough evidence to retry the defendant on sanity only. If the jury returns a unanimous of not guilty by reason of insanity the defendant will be committed at the state mental hospital. In the other hand in California, it will be difficult for the defense because the prosecutor will bring their own medical expert to show that the defendant has the ability to see between what’s right and wrong.What steps must be taken to prove insanity? Insanity defense is the defense which has a role of claiming that their client, the defendant was not in a state of understanding what he or she did due to mental disorder. This is to clarify that in this state the defendant does not bear any responsibility of the alleged actions. In this case insanity is a term used legally and not a medical one, so a court decides on whether to involve medical professionals or not. Definition of mental illness varies in a range of jurisdictions.The term insanity is under the guide line of the jurisdictions statutory and that cannot be defined by use of the medical definition (Fersch, 2005). As the defense team of in the case of State v. Stu Dents there should be the burden of proof. Our client, Stu Dents is charged of homicide, assault of police officer, kidnapping, burglary, and crimes related to drugs. Homicide is understood as killing of person due to omission or act of another. Kidnap ping is going against somebody’s will by taking him from one place to another without letting him or her exercise freedom.Burglary is considered as theft by entering into someone’s resident without permission. Homicidal offence, in side with drugs, is considered as a felony together with kidnapping and burglary. In their nature, they are considered as serious and punishable by death or long sentence (Cole, 2008). Considering the charges, there should be the burden of proof. It is clear that anybody accused before the court is innocent until he or she is proven guilty. The ultimate factor to consider in this case is the intent and mental element. It is clear that at the time when our client, Mr.Stu Dent was being arrested, he was not all well. He was irrational, agitated, and combative, and when officers tried to hand cuff him he was screaming and yelling, mentioning unrealistic phrases for instance he said he was God. The reality is our client was mentally instable. Fo r the offence of homicide it not clear that our client was the one who entered in Uma Opee resident, and it is not known if there were signs of using force and if he used a key to gain access to his girl friend’s residence. Finally, after the toxicology reports our client Mr.Stu Dents, was not under the influence of drugs. It is justified that Mr. Stu Dents is not mentally stable therefore, he do not deserve to go to prison rather to go for psychiatric care (Ciolino, 2000). Court issues members of the panel of judges that the accused do not account for the act due to the reason of mental illness. If the evidence presented is found to have doubts about his her sanity, then there is need to establish sanity of the one accused (Cole, 2008). Burden of proof-the accused bears the burden of proving to the defense by use of convincing and clear evidence.Defendant is required to show sufficient evidence, creating a reasonable doubt to justify sanity. This determined by the prosecutor after considering the evidence (Cole, 2008). If the accused is found to be insane there for he or she is not responsible of any criminal conduct due to his or her state of mental health (Cole, 2008). Conclusion Finally, you do not consider the opinions of the experts who testified of the matter but you must consider the defendants sanity when the criminal conduct happened, viewing the evidence presented lightly then concluding the truth of the matter.References Ciolino, P. J. , & Castle, G. E. (2000). Advanced forensic criminal defense investigations. Tucson, AZ: Lawyers & Judges Pub. Co. Cole, G. F. , & Smith, C. E. (2008). Criminal justice in America. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth. Fersch, E. A. (2005). Thinking about the insanity defense: Answers to frequently asked questions With case examples. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse. Schmalleger, F. , Hall, D. E. , & Dolatowski, J. J. (2010). Criminal law today. (4th Ed. ) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. http://www. californiamentalhea lthlawyer. com http://www. shouselaw. com

Summary of Cpa Responsibilities - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1053 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/09/15 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? | |University | Memo To:Mary Manyinterests, Manager From:Jane Doe, CPA CC:CPAs Forever, Inc. Date:February 1, 2010 Re:Summary of CPA Responsibilities On Monday, January 25, 2010, you requested that I provide the external CPAs answers to questions about deferred taxes, accounting changes and error corrections, and establishing the subsidiary as a corporation. The attached brief contains answers to those questions. Additionally, you requested information about my professional responsibilities as a CPA and the difference between a review and an audit. Professional Responsibilities as a CPA Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) must follow the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Code of Professional Conduct. The code contains six areas dealing with professional behavior including responsibilities; the public interest; integrity; objectivity and independence; due care; and scope and nature of services. 1. Responsibilities – deals with exercising perceptive professional and ethical reasoning in all activities. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Summary of Cpa Responsibilities" essay for you Create order CPAs have a duty to collaborate amongst themselves to enhance the field of accounting, preserve the public’s trust, and fulfill the profession’s unique duties of self-regulation (Rampulla,  2002). 2. The Public Interest – deals with honoring public trust, serving public interest, and demonstrating commitment to professionalism. A CPA’s public includes clients, creditors, governments, owners, investors, the financial and trade community, and anyone depending on the impartiality and honesty of CPAs to preserve the organized operation of commerce. CPAs must give superior service, make fee arrangements with clients, and provide a variety of services while demonstrating professionalism consistent with the code of conduct (Rampulla,  2002). 3. Integrity – deals with demonstrating the highest level of integrity. CPAs must be truthful and straightforward while maintaining client confidentiality. Superior service and the public confidence cannot be secondary to personal profit or rewards. CPAs should analyze all choices and actions by questioning if they are emulating a person of integrity (Rampulla,  2002). 4. Objectivity and Independence – deals with maintaining impartiality and remaining free of conflicts of interest when fulfilling professional duties. CPAs must be independent, in fact, and appearance when offering auditing or attestation assistance. CPAs must be unbiased, intellectually truthful, and liberated from conflicts of interest. CPAs can provide attestation, consulting, or tax services; assemble financial statements as an employee, complete internal audit functions, serve in fiscal administration roles for government or education, and train people interested in entering the profession. Therefore, they must safeguard the reliability of their work, remain impartial, prevent undermining of their reasoning, and be conscientious in applying generally accepted accounting principles (Rampulla,  2002). 5. Due Care – deals with observing specialized and moral standards, frequently improving skills and excellence of services, and discharging professional duties to the best of their capability. Competence is gained from education, experience, and mastering a universal set of facts required for the CPA title. The CPA must constantly update this knowledge through continuing professional education. CPAs must provide services quickly and recisely, be detailed, and follow appropriate professional and moral standards. Additionally, due care compels the accountant to plan effectively and direct all professional endeavors they undertake (Rampulla,  2002). 6. Scope and Nature of Services –deals with observing the code of conduct when deciding the extent and type of s ervices they will provide to clients. Each principle of the code should be considered to determine whether or not to provide certain services based on the particular circumstances. In some cases there may be constraints on the consulting services that can be provided to a certain client. CPAs should ensure the extent and type of other services offered to a client does not create a conflict of interest in performing the audit function for the client (Rampulla,  2002). Difference between a Review and an Audit CPAs are allowed to either prepare or assist in the preparation of financial statements, and must also issue a report about those financials in the form of an audit, a review, or a compilation. Compilations are the most basic service because the CPA prepares general ledgers or scans financial statements for any obvious departures from GAAP. However, no assurance is communicated that the financials conform to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). A review is more detailed than a compilation but less involved than an audit. Analytical procedures and inquiries are made to complete a review. In the review report the CPA asserts: that the review was performed according to AICPA professional standards; is less in scope than an audit; and the CPA is unaware of any material changes required in order for the statements to conform to GAAP or some other basis of accounting. A review provides â€Å"limited assurance† about the prepared financial statements (Knowledge to Solutions Certified Public Accountants and Advisors,  2007). Reviewed financial statements are usually created for external investors, bank loans, or creditors not requiring audited financials. Audited financial statements are the greatest level of assurance service a CPA can provide to a client. The CPA performs the work of a compilation, review, and also completes verification and substantive testing. An audit is more detailed because the CPA performs inspections, confirmations, observations, inquiries, and other tests to corroborate the existence, completeness, and value of assets and liabilities detailed in the financial statements. An audit also confirms the rights to assets, obligations to creditors, and if the information in the financial statements are presented accurately and disclosed properly. In the audit report the CPA asserts that the audit was performed according to GAAP, and expresses an opinion that the financial statements fairly represent the company’s financial situation and outcome from operations. Auditing provides â€Å"positive assurance† about the prepared financial statements (Knowledge to Solutions Certified Public Accountants and Advisors,  2007). The objective of an audit is to give a reasonable foundation to express an opinion about the entirety of the financial statements. Meanwhile, a review does not give a foundation for expressing an opinion because knowledge of the internal control environment is not acquired, control risks are not assessed, and accounting records are not tested. I hope the information provided is helpful and facilitates an understanding of the professional responsibilities of a CPA and the difference between a review and an audit. Please do not hesitate to contact me with any additional questions or concerns. References Rampulla, Renee  (2002). What Are My Professional Responsibilities?. American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Retrieved January 27, 2010 from https://www. aicpa. org/pubs/cpaltr/apr2002/supps/busind3. htm Knowledge to Solutions (K2S) Certified Public Accountants and Advisors. (2007). Whats the Difference Between an Audit, Review and Compilation. Retrieved from